Changing the coefficient of x in a function results in a horizontal stretch or compression of the graph.
Adding a constant to a function shifts the entire graph vertically upwards by the value of the constant.
Negating a function reflects the graph across the x-axis.
Replacing x with -x reflects the graph across the y-axis.
Changing the constant term in a quadratic function shifts the parabola vertically, affecting the y-intercept.
Applying the absolute value to a function reflects any portion of the graph below the x-axis above the x-axis, making all y-values non-negative.